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The Blood Covenant

Illustration of The Blood Covenant

Throughout the Scriptures the ratification of God's covenants involves the solemn use of blood to bind the divine promise to human life and to seal the relationship with irrevocable cost. In the covenant of the pieces the divided animals witness God's passing presence as a smoking furnace and burning lamp, while at Sinai the blood sprinkled on altar and people confirms the nation's consecration under the law. These earlier shadows reach their fulfillment when Christ's own blood inaugurates the new covenant, poured out for the remission of sins and securing eternal redemption for all who trust in him.

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Key Passages

Covenant of the Pieces

Genesis 15:9-18

God passes between cut animals alone, taking the covenant's obligations entirely upon Himself - an unconditional promise sealed in blood.

God passes between the split animals alone, taking the full covenant obligation upon Himself.

A9nd he said unto him, Take me an heifer of three years old, and a she goat of three years old, and a ram of three years old, and a turtledove, and a young pigeon.

10 And he took unto him all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid each piece one against another: but the birds divided he not. 11 And when the fowls came down upon the carcases, Abram drove them away. 12 And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him. 13 And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years; 14 And also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge: and afterward shall they come out with great substance. 15 And thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old age. 16 But in the fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full. 17 And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold a smoking furnace, and a burning lamp that passed between those pieces. 18 In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:

The Blood of the Covenant

Exodus 24:3-8

Moses sprinkles blood on the people, sealing the Sinai covenant - establishing that covenant relationship with God is always mediated through sacrifice.

Moses sprinkles blood on the people, ratifying the Sinai covenant between God and Israel.

A3nd Moses came and told the people all the words of the LORD, and all the judgments: and all the people answered with one voice, and said, All the words which the LORD hath said will we do.

4 And Moses wrote all the words of the LORD, and rose up early in the morning, and builded an altar under the hill, and twelve pillars, according to the twelve tribes of Israel. 5 And he sent young men of the children of Israel, which offered burnt offerings, and sacrificed peace offerings of oxen unto the LORD. 6 And Moses took half of the blood, and put it in basons; and half of the blood he sprinkled on the altar. 7 And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the LORD hath said will we do, and be obedient. 8 And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the LORD hath made with you concerning all these words.

Christ's Blood the New Covenant

Hebrews 9:11-22

Jesus declares the cup as His blood of the new covenant - fulfilling Jeremiah's prophecy and establishing a permanent covenant sealed by His own death.

Without shedding of blood there is no remission-Christ's blood establishes a better covenant with better promises.

B11ut Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building;

12 Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us. 13 For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh: 14 How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? 15 And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance. 16 For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. 17 For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all while the testator liveth. 18 Whereupon neither the first testament was dedicated without blood. 19 For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people, 20 Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you. 21 Moreover he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry. 22 And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission.

Did You Know?

1

When God cut covenant with Abraham, He walked between the pieces alone. Abraham was asleep. The entire weight of the covenant rested on God's own faithfulness, not Abraham's.

2

At Sinai the people said "All that the Lord has spoken we will do." The blood was sprinkled on the altar and on the people. Within weeks they were worshiping a golden calf.

3

The new covenant is different. The blood of Jesus does not merely cover sin. It writes the law on our hearts and gives us the power to walk in it.