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Samson

Portrait of Samson

Samson served as a judge and leader of Israel during the period of Philistine oppression, when the nation lacked a king and relied on divinely appointed deliverers. Set apart as a Nazirite from birth, he received supernatural strength from God that enabled him to defeat enemy forces, including tearing apart a lion and slaying a thousand Philistines with a donkey's jawbone. His relationship with Delilah ultimately exposed the secret of his uncut hair, leading to betrayal, capture, blinding, and enslavement by the Philistines. In the Book of Judges, his final act of pulling down the temple pillars demonstrates both the consequences of moral compromise and God's willingness to work through flawed individuals to accomplish judgment on Israel's enemies.

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Biography

Occupation
Judge, Nazirite
Tribe
Dan
Father
Manoah
Spouse
Philistine woman; Delilah (companion)
Era
Judges (c. 1075-1055 BC)
Nationality
Israelite

Family

Parents
โ†“
Samson โšญ Delilah
Old Testament Judges Judge

Did You Know?

1

Samson's birth was announced by an angel who instructed his mother to avoid wine and unclean food, marking one of the few prenatal Nazirite dedications in Scripture and reflecting ancient Israelite practices of vowed separation from birth.

2

To avenge the burning of his wife and father-in-law, Samson tied torches between the tails of three hundred foxes and drove them through Philistine grain fields, vineyards, and olive groves, exploiting a known agricultural vulnerability during the dry harvest season.

3

After killing one thousand Philistines with a donkey's jawbone, Samson prayed for water and God split the same bone to release a spring, an event tied to the geographical feature later called En Hakkore near Lehi.

4

Samson once tore the massive doors, posts, and bar from the city gate of Gaza and carried the entire assembly roughly forty miles uphill to the vicinity of Hebron, an act underscoring both his strength and the strategic humiliation of a Philistine stronghold.

5

Although a lifelong Nazirite, Samson attended a seven-day wedding feast that likely included wine and later reached into a lion's carcass for honey, illustrating repeated breaches of his vow that ancient readers would have recognized as covenant violations.

Key Passages

Birth of Samson

Judges 13:2-7

An angel announces Samson's birth and Nazirite calling, showing that God's plan for deliverance begins before birth and that great strength requires great consecration.

A2nd there was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and bare not.

3 And the angel of the LORD appeared unto the woman, and said unto her, Behold now, thou art barren, and bearest not: but thou shalt conceive, and bear a son. 4 Now therefore beware, I pray thee, and drink not wine nor strong drink, and eat not any unclean thing: 5 For, lo, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and no razor shall come on his head: for the child shall be a Nazarite unto God from the womb: and he shall begin to deliver Israel out of the hand of the Philistines. 6 Then the woman came and told her husband, saying, A man of God came unto me, and his countenance was like the countenance of an angel of God, very terrible: but I asked him not whence he was, neither told he me his name: 7 But he said unto me, Behold, thou shalt conceive, and bear a son; and now drink no wine nor strong drink, neither eat any unclean thing: for the child shall be a Nazarite to God from the womb to the day of his death.

Read full chapter: Judges 13 โ†’

Samson and the Lion

Judges 14:5-9

The Spirit of the Lord empowers Samson to tear a lion apart, demonstrating the supernatural strength available to those set apart for God - and foreshadowing the tragedy of its misuse.

T5hen went Samson down, and his father and his mother, to Timnath, and came to the vineyards of Timnath: and, behold, a young lion roared against him.

6 And the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he rent him as he would have rent a kid, and he had nothing in his hand: but he told not his father or his mother what he had done. 7 And he went down, and talked with the woman; and she pleased Samson well. 8 And after a time he returned to take her, and he turned aside to see the carcase of the lion: and, behold, there was a swarm of bees and honey in the carcase of the lion. 9 And he took thereof in his hands, and went on eating, and came to his father and mother, and he gave them, and they did eat: but he told not them that he had taken the honey out of the carcase of the lion.

Read full chapter: Judges 14 โ†’

Samson and Delilah

Judges 16:4-21

Samson's fatal attraction to Delilah illustrates how persistent temptation can wear down even the strongest person. His fall warns that no one is immune to the consequences of compromise.

A4nd it came to pass afterward, that he loved a woman in the valley of Sorek, whose name was Delilah.

5 And the lords of the Philistines came up unto her, and said unto her, Entice him, and see wherein his great strength lieth, and by what means we may prevail against him, that we may bind him to afflict him: and we will give thee every one of us eleven hundred pieces of silver. 6 And Delilah said to Samson, Tell me, I pray thee, wherein thy great strength lieth, and wherewith thou mightest be bound to afflict thee. 7 And Samson said unto her, If they bind me with seven green withs that were never dried, then shall I be weak, and be as another man. 8 Then the lords of the Philistines brought up to her seven green withs which had not been dried, and she bound him with them. 9 Now there were men lying in wait, abiding with her in the chamber. And she said unto him, The Philistines be upon thee, Samson. And he brake the withs, as a thread of tow is broken when it toucheth the fire. So his strength was not known. 10 And Delilah said unto Samson, Behold, thou hast mocked me, and told me lies: now tell me, I pray thee, wherewith thou mightest be bound. 11 And he said unto her, If they bind me fast with new ropes that never were occupied, then shall I be weak, and be as another man. 12 Delilah therefore took new ropes, and bound him therewith, and said unto him, The Philistines be upon thee, Samson. And there were liers in wait abiding in the chamber. And he brake them from off his arms like a thread. 13 And Delilah said unto Samson, Hitherto thou hast mocked me, and told me lies: tell me wherewith thou mightest be bound. And he said unto her, If thou weavest the seven locks of my head with the web. 14 And she fastened it with the pin, and said unto him, The Philistines be upon thee, Samson. And he awaked out of his sleep, and went away with the pin of the beam, and with the web. 15 And she said unto him, How canst thou say, I love thee, when thine heart is not with me? thou hast mocked me these three times, and hast not told me wherein thy great strength lieth. 16 And it came to pass, when she pressed him daily with her words, and urged him, so that his soul was vexed unto death; 17 That he told her all his heart, and said unto her, There hath not come a razor upon mine head; for I have been a Nazarite unto God from my motherโ€™s womb: if I be shaven, then my strength will go from me, and I shall become weak, and be like any other man. 18 And when Delilah saw that he had told her all his heart, she sent and called for the lords of the Philistines, saying, Come up this once, for he hath shewed me all his heart. Then the lords of the Philistines came up unto her, and brought money in their hand. 19 And she made him sleep upon her knees; and she called for a man, and she caused him to shave off the seven locks of his head; and she began to afflict him, and his strength went from him. 20 And she said, The Philistines be upon thee, Samson. And he awoke out of his sleep, and said, I will go out as at other times before, and shake myself. And he wist not that the LORD was departed from him. 21 But the Philistines took him, and put out his eyes, and brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison house.

Read full chapter: Judges 16 โ†’

Samson's Death

Judges 16:23-31

In his final act, blind and humiliated Samson destroys more enemies in death than in life - a tragic redemption showing that God can still use broken vessels who return to Him.

T23hen the lords of the Philistines gathered them together for to offer a great sacrifice unto Dagon their god, and to rejoice: for they said, Our god hath delivered Samson our enemy into our hand.

24 And when the people saw him, they praised their god: for they said, Our god hath delivered into our hands our enemy, and the destroyer of our country, which slew many of us. 25 And it came to pass, when their hearts were merry, that they said, Call for Samson, that he may make us sport. And they called for Samson out of the prison house; and he made them sport: and they set him between the pillars. 26 And Samson said unto the lad that held him by the hand, Suffer me that I may feel the pillars whereupon the house standeth, that I may lean upon them. 27 Now the house was full of men and women; and all the lords of the Philistines were there; and there were upon the roof about three thousand men and women, that beheld while Samson made sport. 28 And Samson called unto the LORD, and said, O Lord God, remember me, I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, O God, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for my two eyes. 29 And Samson took hold of the two middle pillars upon which the house stood, and on which it was borne up, of the one with his right hand, and of the other with his left. 30 And Samson said, Let me die with the Philistines. And he bowed himself with all his might; and the house fell upon the lords, and upon all the people that were therein. So the dead which he slew at his death were more than they which he slew in his life. 31 Then his brethren and all the house of his father came down, and took him, and brought him up, and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the buryingplace of Manoah his father. And he judged Israel twenty years.

Read full chapter: Judges 16 โ†’