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Rehoboam

Portrait of Rehoboam

Rehoboam, the son of King Solomon, succeeded his father as ruler over the united kingdom of Israel. When the people requested relief from the heavy burdens imposed during Solomon's reign, Rehoboam rejected the counsel of his elders and instead followed the advice of his peers, threatening even harsher treatment. This decision prompted the northern tribes to revolt and establish their own kingdom under Jeroboam, resulting in the division of the nation into the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah. The event, recorded in 1 Kings 12, marked the end of the united monarchy and fulfilled earlier prophetic warnings regarding the consequences of Solomon's disobedience to God.

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Biography

Born
c. 972 BC
Died
c. 913 BC, Jerusalem
Occupation
King of Judah
Tribe
Judah
Father
Solomon
Mother
Naamah (Ammonite)
Spouse
Mahalath, Maacah
Children
Abijah, and others
Era
Divided Kingdom (c. 931-913 BC)
Nationality
Israelite/Judean

Family

Parents
Solomon Naamah (Ammonite)
โ†“
Rehoboam โšญ Mahalath, Maacah
โ†“
Children
Abijah, and others
Old Testament Divided Kingdom King 1 Kings

Did You Know?

1

Rehoboam's mother was Naamah, an Ammonite woman, which placed a foreign-born queen mother in the Davidic court and underscored the international scope of Solomon's marriages.

2

When the northern tribes petitioned for relief from forced labor, Rehoboam consulted both elders and his youthful peers before declaring his little finger thicker than his father's loins, a vivid ancient Near Eastern idiom that triggered the immediate secession of Israel.

3

Rehoboam mustered 180,000 troops from Judah and Benjamin to reconquer the north but halted the campaign after the prophet Shemaiah relayed God's explicit command not to fight fellow Israelites.

4

In his fifth regnal year Pharaoh Shishak invaded Judah and stripped the temple and palace of their gold, forcing Rehoboam to replace Solomon's golden ceremonial shields with cheaper bronze replicas kept under guard.

5

Rehoboam fathered twenty-eight sons and sixty daughters through eighteen wives and sixty concubines, then assigned each son a fortified city with stored provisions, a strategic measure to secure dynastic control within Judah.

Key Passages

Rehoboam's Foolish Decision

1 Kings 12:1-17

This passage reminds us that heeding wise, humble counsel fosters unity, while prideful choices can fracture relationships and communities.

A1nd Rehoboam went to Shechem: for all Israel were come to Shechem to make him king.

2 And it came to pass, when Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who was yet in Egypt, heard of it, (for he was fled from the presence of king Solomon, and Jeroboam dwelt in Egypt;) 3 That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying, 4 Thy father made our yoke grievous: now therefore make thou the grievous service of thy father, and his heavy yoke which he put upon us, lighter, and we will serve thee. 5 And he said unto them, Depart yet for three days, then come again to me. And the people departed. 6 And king Rehoboam consulted with the old men, that stood before Solomon his father while he yet lived, and said, How do ye advise that I may answer this people? 7 And they spake unto him, saying, If thou wilt be a servant unto this people this day, and wilt serve them, and answer them, and speak good words to them, then they will be thy servants for ever. 8 But he forsook the counsel of the old men, which they had given him, and consulted with the young men that were grown up with him, and which stood before him: 9 And he said unto them, What counsel give ye that we may answer this people, who have spoken to me, saying, Make the yoke which thy father did put upon us lighter? 10 And the young men that were grown up with him spake unto him, saying, Thus shalt thou speak unto this people that spake unto thee, saying, Thy father made our yoke heavy, but make thou it lighter unto us; thus shalt thou say unto them, My little finger shall be thicker than my fatherโ€™s loins. 11 And now whereas my father did lade you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke: my father hath chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions. 12 So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam the third day, as the king had appointed, saying, Come to me again the third day. 13 And the king answered the people roughly, and forsook the old menโ€™s counsel that they gave him; 14 And spake to them after the counsel of the young men, saying, My father made your yoke heavy, and I will add to your yoke: my father also chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions. 15 Wherefore the king hearkened not unto the people; for the cause was from the LORD, that he might perform his saying, which the LORD spake by Ahijah the Shilonite unto Jeroboam the son of Nebat. 16 So when all Israel saw that the king hearkened not unto them, the people answered the king, saying, What portion have we in David? neither have we inheritance in the son of Jesse: to your tents, O Israel: now see to thine own house, David. So Israel departed unto their tents. 17 But as for the children of Israel which dwelt in the cities of Judah, Rehoboam reigned over them.

Read full chapter: 1 Kings 12 โ†’

The Kingdom Divided

1 Kings 12:18-24

This passage shows how prideful choices fracture nations, yet God sovereignly guides events to fulfill His compassionate purposes.

T18hen king Rehoboam sent Adoram, who was over the tribute; and all Israel stoned him with stones, that he died. Therefore king Rehoboam made speed to get him up to his chariot, to flee to Jerusalem.

19 So Israel rebelled against the house of David unto this day. 20 And it came to pass, when all Israel heard that Jeroboam was come again, that they sent and called him unto the congregation, and made him king over all Israel: there was none that followed the house of David, but the tribe of Judah only. 21 And when Rehoboam was come to Jerusalem, he assembled all the house of Judah, with the tribe of Benjamin, an hundred and fourscore thousand chosen men, which were warriors, to fight against the house of Israel, to bring the kingdom again to Rehoboam the son of Solomon. 22 But the word of God came unto Shemaiah the man of God, saying, 23 Speak unto Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and unto all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the remnant of the people, saying, 24 Thus saith the LORD, Ye shall not go up, nor fight against your brethren the children of Israel: return every man to his house; for this thing is from me. They hearkened therefore to the word of the LORD, and returned to depart, according to the word of the LORD.

Read full chapter: 1 Kings 12 โ†’