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Absalom

Portrait of Absalom

Absalom was the third son of King David, born to Maacah daughter of the king of Geshur, and gained renown for his handsome appearance and long hair. After killing his half-brother Amnon to avenge the rape of their sister Tamar, Absalom fled to Geshur, later returned, and mounted a rebellion that won popular support, allowed him to seize the throne in Jerusalem, and drove David into exile. The uprising ended in defeat at the forest of Ephraim, where Absalom was caught by his hair in an oak tree and killed by Joab against Davidโ€™s orders to spare him. The account in 2 Samuel illustrates the fulfillment of Nathanโ€™s prophecy concerning the consequences of Davidโ€™s sins, the fractures within the royal family, and the enduring themes of rebellion and paternal grief in Scripture.

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Biography

Died
c. 980 BC, Forest of Ephraim
Occupation
Prince
Tribe
Judah
Father
David
Mother
Maacah
Children
Tamar (daughter)
Era
United Kingdom
Nationality
Israelite

Family

Parents
David Maacah
โ†“
Absalom
โ†“
Children
Tamar (daughter)
Old Testament United Kingdom Villain 2 Samuel

Did You Know?

1

Absalom avenged the rape of his sister Tamar by orchestrating the murder of their half-brother Amnon at a sheep-shearing festival in Baal-hazor, using his servants to carry out the killing after plying Amnon with wine.

2

After three years of exile in Geshur with his maternal grandfather King Talmai, Absalom set fire to Joab's barley fields near Jerusalem to force a meeting with the commander and ultimately gain readmission to David's court, though another two years passed before he could see the king.

3

Despite fathering three sons and a daughter named Tamar, Absalom erected a stone monument to himself in the King's Valley because he had no surviving heir to perpetuate his name, a pillar later known as Absalom's Monument.

4

Absalom's annual haircut produced hair weighing 200 shekels according to the royal standard, roughly five pounds, a detail underscoring both his exceptional physical appearance and the cultural value placed on such distinctive traits in ancient Israel.

5

During his rebellion, Absalom followed the counsel of David's former advisor Ahithophel, whose strategic advice was regarded as equivalent to consulting an oracle of God, until Hushai's counter-advice deliberately led to Absalom's defeat in the forest of Ephraim.

Key Passages

Absalom Kills Amnon

2 Samuel 13:28-33

This passage shows how unchecked bitterness and revenge can destroy families, urging us to seek God's healing and justice instead.

N28ow Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnonโ€™s heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.

29 And the servants of Absalom did unto Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the kingโ€™s sons arose, and every man gat him up upon his mule, and fled. 30 And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that tidings came to David, saying, Absalom hath slain all the kingโ€™s sons, and there is not one of them left. 31 Then the king arose, and tare his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent. 32 And Jonadab, the son of Shimeah Davidโ€™s brother, answered and said, Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men the kingโ€™s sons; for Amnon only is dead: for by the appointment of Absalom this hath been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar. 33 Now therefore let not my lord the king take the thing to his heart, to think that all the kingโ€™s sons are dead: for Amnon only is dead.

Read full chapter: 2 Samuel 13 โ†’

Absalom's Rebellion

2 Samuel 15:1-12

This passage shows how unchecked pride and resentment can fracture even the closest family bonds, urging us to pursue humility and reconciliation.

A1nd it came to pass after this, that Absalom prepared him chariots and horses, and fifty men to run before him.

2 And Absalom rose up early, and stood beside the way of the gate: and it was so, that when any man that had a controversy came to the king for judgment, then Absalom called unto him, and said, Of what city art thou? And he said, Thy servant is of one of the tribes of Israel. 3 And Absalom said unto him, See, thy matters are good and right; but there is no man deputed of the king to hear thee. 4 Absalom said moreover, Oh that I were made judge in the land, that every man which hath any suit or cause might come unto me, and I would do him justice! 5 And it was so, that when any man came nigh to him to do him obeisance, he put forth his hand, and took him, and kissed him. 6 And on this manner did Absalom to all Israel that came to the king for judgment: so Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel. 7 And it came to pass after forty years, that Absalom said unto the king, I pray thee, let me go and pay my vow, which I have vowed unto the LORD, in Hebron. 8 For thy servant vowed a vow while I abode at Geshur in Syria, saying, If the LORD shall bring me again indeed to Jerusalem, then I will serve the LORD. 9 And the king said unto him, Go in peace. So he arose, and went to Hebron. 10 But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, As soon as ye hear the sound of the trumpet, then ye shall say, Absalom reigneth in Hebron. 11 And with Absalom went two hundred men out of Jerusalem, that were called; and they went in their simplicity, and they knew not any thing. 12 And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, Davidโ€™s counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered sacrifices. And the conspiracy was strong; for the people increased continually with Absalom.

Read full chapter: 2 Samuel 15 โ†’

Death of Absalom

2 Samuel 18:9-15

This passage reveals how rebellion's tragic end brings deep sorrow, yet underscores a father's tender longing to protect and restore even a wayward child.

A9nd Absalom met the servants of David. And Absalom rode upon a mule, and the mule went under the thick boughs of a great oak, and his head caught hold of the oak, and he was taken up between the heaven and the earth; and the mule that was under him went away.

10 And a certain man saw it, and told Joab, and said, Behold, I saw Absalom hanged in an oak. 11 And Joab said unto the man that told him, And, behold, thou sawest him, and why didst thou not smite him there to the ground? and I would have given thee ten shekels of silver, and a girdle. 12 And the man said unto Joab, Though I should receive a thousand shekels of silver in mine hand, yet would I not put forth mine hand against the kingโ€™s son: for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying, Beware that none touch the young man Absalom. 13 Otherwise I should have wrought falsehood against mine own life: for there is no matter hid from the king, and thou thyself wouldest have set thyself against me. 14 Then said Joab, I may not tarry thus with thee. And he took three darts in his hand, and thrust them through the heart of Absalom, while he was yet alive in the midst of the oak. 15 And ten young men that bare Joabโ€™s armour compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.

Read full chapter: 2 Samuel 18 โ†’

David Mourns Absalom

2 Samuel 18:33

David's raw grief reveals a parent's tender, unbreakable love that mourns deeply even after betrayal and loss.

A33nd the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept: and as he went, thus he said, O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would God I had died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my son!

Read full chapter: 2 Samuel 18 โ†’