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Isaiah

Portrait of Isaiah

Isaiah was an 8th-century BCE prophet who ministered in the kingdom of Judah during a time of political turmoil and spiritual decline. He received a dramatic vision of God's holiness in the temple, which commissioned him to deliver messages of judgment and hope to the people. Through his prophecies, Isaiah foretold the coming of the Messiah with remarkable detail, including descriptions of a virgin birth and a suffering servant who would bear the sins of many. His writings on themes of redemption and divine sovereignty hold profound significance in Scripture, as they are frequently quoted in the New Testament to affirm Jesus as the promised Christ.

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Videos from BibleProject

Isaiah Overview (Part 1: Ch. 1-39)

Isaiah confronts Israel's injustice and promises a future king who will bring peace.

Isaiah Overview (Part 2: Ch. 40-66)

God promises rescue through a suffering servant and a new heavens and earth.

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Biography

Occupation
Prophet
Father
Amoz
Spouse
The Prophetess
Children
Shear-Jashub, Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz
Era
Divided Kingdom (c. 740-680 BC)
Nationality
Judean

Family

Parents
Amoz
โ†“
Isaiah โšญ The Prophetess
โ†“
Children
Shear-Jashub, Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz
Old Testament Divided Kingdom Prophet Isaiah

Did You Know?

1

Isaiah had direct access to Judah's royal court and confronted King Ahaz during the Syro-Ephraimite crisis of 734 BC, offering a sign involving the still-unborn Immanuel while the king refused to ask for one as instructed.

2

In Isaiah 20 the prophet walked naked and barefoot for three years as a living sign-act foretelling the humiliation of Egypt and Cush by Assyria, exemplifying the embodied performance aspect of eighth-century prophecy.

3

Jewish tradition preserved in the Babylonian Talmud and Ascension of Isaiah reports that the prophet was sawn in half under King Manasseh, an execution method possibly alluded to in the list of faithful sufferers in Hebrews 11:37.

4

The Dead Sea Scroll 1QIsa^a, copied around 125 BC, contains the entire book of Isaiah with only minor variants from the later Masoretic Text, providing the oldest complete witness to any biblical book and demonstrating extraordinary textual stability.

5

Isaiah's two named sons, Shear-Jashub and Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz, bore symbolic names given as divine oracles predicting both a surviving remnant and the swift plunder of Damascus and Samaria by Assyria.

Key Passages

Isaiah's Vision and Call

Isaiah 6:1-8

Isaiah's encounter with God's holiness devastates him with awareness of his sin, then restores him through cleansing - establishing the pattern of true worship: revelation, conviction, grace, and commission.

I1n the year that king Uzziah died I saw also the LORD sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his train filled the temple.

2 Above it stood the seraphims: each one had six wings; with twain he covered his face, and with twain he covered his feet, and with twain he did fly. 3 And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory. 4 And the posts of the door moved at the voice of him that cried, and the house was filled with smoke. 5 Then said I, Woe is me! for I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips: for mine eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts. 6 Then flew one of the seraphims unto me, having a live coal in his hand, which he had taken with the tongs from off the altar: 7 And he laid it upon my mouth, and said, Lo, this hath touched thy lips; and thine iniquity is taken away, and thy sin purged. 8 Also I heard the voice of the Lord, saying, Whom shall I send, and who will go for us? Then said I, Here am I; send me.

Read full chapter: Isaiah 6 โ†’

Prophecy of Immanuel

Isaiah 7:10-14

The promise of a virgin-born child named 'God with us' pierces through immediate political crisis to reveal God's ultimate plan of incarnation - God Himself entering human history.

M10oreover the LORD spake again unto Ahaz, saying,

11 Ask thee a sign of the LORD thy God; ask it either in the depth, or in the height above. 12 But Ahaz said, I will not ask, neither will I tempt the LORD. 13 And he said, Hear ye now, O house of David; Is it a small thing for you to weary men, but will ye weary my God also? 14 Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.

Read full chapter: Isaiah 7 โ†’

The Suffering Servant

Isaiah 53:1-12

Isaiah 53 describes a figure who bears others' sins through suffering and death - the most detailed Old Testament prophecy of Christ's crucifixion, written 700 years before it happened.

W1ho hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the LORD revealed?

2 For he shall grow up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him. 3 He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not. 4 Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. 5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. 6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. 7 He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth. 8 He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken. 9 And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. 10 Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand. 11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities. 12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.

Read full chapter: Isaiah 53 โ†’